Description
Most of todays cryptography relies on the assumption that a potential attacker cannot solve some computational problem (e.g. factor a large integer). It has been shown in the early 80's that with the use of quantum-mechanical effects, certain cryptographic tasks can be done unconditionally, i.e., secure against computationally unbounded attackers: Quantum-cryptography, and with it the hope that (m)any cryptographic task(s) can be solved this way, was born. This hope was smashed in the late 90's, when it was shown that any non-trivial cryptographic task involving two mutually distrusted parties cannot be done unconditionally by means of quantum-cryptography.<br/> We propose a new approach to circumvent this impossibility result. We construct quantum-cryptographic schemes which are secure under the sole assumption that the attacker's quantum memory is limited. This is motivated by the fact that storing even a single qubit for more than a fraction of a second seems to be out of reach with today's technology. This approach allows for practical schemes for Oblivious Transfer and for Bit Commitment.<br/> (Joint work with Ivan Damgård, Louis Salvail and Christian Schaffner)
Prochains exposés
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Efficient zero-knowledge proofs and arguments in the CL framework
Orateur : Agathe Beaugrand - Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux
The CL encryption scheme, proposed in 2015 by Castagnos and Laguillaumie, is a linearly homomorphic encryption scheme, based on class groups of imaginary quadratic fields. The specificity of these groups is that their order is hard to compute, which means it can be considered unknown. This particularity, while being key in the security of the scheme, brings technical challenges in working with CL,[…] -
Constant-time lattice reduction for SQIsign
Orateur : Sina Schaeffler - IBM Research
SQIsign is an isogeny-based signature scheme which has recently advanced to round 2 of NIST's call for additional post-quantum signatures. A central operation in SQIsign is lattice reduction of special full-rank lattices in dimension 4. As these input lattices are secret, this computation must be protected against side-channel attacks. However, known lattice reduction algorithms like the famous[…] -
Circuit optimisation problems in the context of homomorphic encryption
Orateur : Sergiu Carpov - Arcium
Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is an encryption scheme that enables the direct execution of arbitrary computations on encrypted data. The first generation of FHE schemes began with Gentry's groundbreaking work in 2019. It relies on a technique called bootstrapping, which reduces noise in FHE ciphertexts. This construction theoretically enables the execution of any arithmetic circuit, but[…] -
Cycles of pairing-friendly abelian varieties
Orateur : Maria Corte-Real Santos - ENS Lyon
A promising avenue for realising scalable proof systems relies on the existence of 2-cycles of pairing-friendly elliptic curves. More specifically, such a cycle consists of two elliptic curves E/Fp and E’/Fq that both have a low embedding degree and also satisfy q = #E(Fp) and p = #E’(Fq). These constraints turn out to be rather restrictive; in the decade that has passed since 2-cycles were first[…]-
Cryptography
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